{"id":2651,"date":"2015-05-18T18:00:00","date_gmt":"2015-05-19T01:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/blog\/?post_type=essay-writing-blog&#038;p=2651"},"modified":"2019-01-24T11:17:58","modified_gmt":"2019-01-24T19:17:58","slug":"how-to-write-a-research-paper","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/how-to-write-a-research-paper\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Write a Research Paper: A Step-by-Step Guide"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>True or false?<\/b>&nbsp;Writing a research paper is time-consuming.<\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/1380071640_Check.png\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1555\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/1380071640_Check.png\" alt=\"Good example\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\"><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1555 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2025%2025%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"Good example\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/1380071640_Check.png\"><\/a>True: &nbsp;<\/b>Writing a research paper is very time consuming. You can\u2019t just grab a few random sources and try to make them work. You certainly can\u2019t start writing a research paper a few hours before it\u2019s due and expect to write an \u201cA\u201d paper.<\/p>\n<p><b>True or false?<\/b>&nbsp;Writing a research paper can be difficult.<\/p>\n<p><b><b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/1380071640_Check.png\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1555\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/1380071640_Check.png\" alt=\"Good example\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\"><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1555 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2025%2025%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"Good example\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/1380071640_Check.png\"><\/a><\/b>True: <\/b>Writing a research paper can be difficult and can seem overwhelming. There really is no easy way out of writing. It takes time and effort to find and evaluate sources, organize your information, and write the paper.<\/p>\n<p>So if writing a research paper can take so much time and can be so hard, what can you do to make the entire process a little less painful?<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019m glad you asked.<\/p>\n<p>All you need to do is follow this step-by-step guide, and you\u2019ll learn how to write a research paper in no time.<\/p>\n<p>Okay, so maybe it takes a bit more effort than that. Did I mention you\u2019ll still need to take some time to research and write? You didn\u2019t think you were getting away <i>that<\/i> easy, did you?<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2827\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2827\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/crying-kid.jpg\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2827\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/crying-kid.jpg\" alt=\"crying kid\" width=\"500\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/crying-kid.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/crying-kid-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/crying-kid-119x100.jpg 119w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2827 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20500%20420%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"crying kid\" width=\"500\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20500%20420%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/crying-kid.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/crying-kid-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/crying-kid-119x100.jpg 119w\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/crying-kid.jpg\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2827\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/mindaugasdanys\/3766009204\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mindaugas Danys<\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Creative Commons<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2>How to Write a Research Paper Step 1: &nbsp;Understand Your Assignment<\/h2>\n<p>Sure, it can be easy to read an assignment and think you understand exactly what you should be writing.<\/p>\n<p>But what happens when you\u2019re supposed to write a historical overview of the Vietnam War, and you decide to write an historical overview of World War II because you thought you were supposed to write about <i>any <\/i>war.<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019ll tell you what might likely happen: &nbsp;You\u2019ll fail the paper.<\/p>\n<p>So the first step to knowing how to write a research paper is to read the assignment carefully. Understand your assignment\u2019s guidelines, including the topic requirements.<\/p>\n<p>You should also know what type of paper you should be writing. For example, know if you should write <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/how-to-write-a-compare-and-contrast-essay\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a compare and contrast essay<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/how-to-write-a-persuasive-essay\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a persuasive essay<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/writing-an-argumentative-essay\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an argumentative essay<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Here\u2019s why: &nbsp;Let\u2019s say you write an amazing essay comparing <i>The Simpsons <\/i>&nbsp;and <i>Family Guy. &nbsp;<\/i><\/p>\n<p>But you were supposed to write an argumentative essay about which one of these cartoons has had a greater influence on American culture.<\/p>\n<p>What grade do you think you\u2019d get for all your hard work? Probably another failing grade.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2847\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2847\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/simpsons.jpg\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2847\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/simpsons.jpg\" alt=\"how to write a research paper\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/simpsons.jpg 610w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/simpsons-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/simpsons-177x100.jpg 177w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2847 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20500%20281%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"how to write a research paper\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20500%20281%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/simpsons.jpg 610w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/simpsons-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/simpsons-177x100.jpg 177w\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/simpsons.jpg\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2847\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/jiff01\/14195004673\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jorge Figueroa<\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Creative Commons<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Why? Because you didn\u2019t follow guidelines and didn\u2019t understand your assignment.<\/p>\n<p>So please make sure to read the assignment guidelines carefully! Your professor gives them to you for a reason.<\/p>\n<h2>How to Write a Research Paper&nbsp;Step 2: &nbsp;Find a Topic<\/h2>\n<p>Once you know what type of research paper you should be writing, you\u2019ll need to find a topic.<\/p>\n<p>Easier said than done, right?<\/p>\n<p>I know it can be tempting to write another boring essay about abortion or marijuana legalization.<\/p>\n<p>Resist the temptation!<\/p>\n<p>Look for more interesting and original topics. Look for topics that people actually want to read about. (And look for topics that fit your assignment guidelines.)<\/p>\n<p>Need some inspiration? Read <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/50-research-paper-topics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">50 Research Paper Topics to Help You Jumpstart Your Writing<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>How to Write a Research Paper&nbsp;Step 3: &nbsp;Create a Thesis<\/h2>\n<p>Knowing what you want to write about is important, but it\u2019s just as important (or maybe even more important) to know what you want to say about the topic.<\/p>\n<p>If you want to be stressed out, over-worked, and frustrated beyond belief because you just can\u2019t find any \u201cgood\u201d sources, then feel free to start researching <i>without<\/i> a working thesis.<\/p>\n<p>If you want to work harder than you have to, then start researching <i>without<\/i> a thesis.<\/p>\n<div class=\"tm-tweet-clear\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"tm-click-to-tweet\">\n<div class=\"tm-ctt-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/share?text=If+you+want+to+work+harder+than+you+have+to%2C+then+start+researching+without+a+thesis.&#038;via=kibin&#038;related=kibin&#038;url=https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/how-to-write-a-research-paper\/\" target=\"_blank\">If you want to work harder than you have to, then start researching without a thesis.<\/a><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/share?text=If+you+want+to+work+harder+than+you+have+to%2C+then+start+researching+without+a+thesis.&#038;via=kibin&#038;related=kibin&#038;url=https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/how-to-write-a-research-paper\/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"tm-ctt-btn\">Click To Tweet<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"tm-ctt-tip\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>But if you want to make your life less stressful, develop a thesis before you begin researching.<\/p>\n<p>You\u2019ll thank me later. Really.<\/p>\n<p>Here\u2019s why: &nbsp;A thesis is the controlling idea of your paper. It provides readers (and you) with a road map of your paper.<\/p>\n<p>Without a strong thesis, your paper lacks direction.<\/p>\n<p>If you don\u2019t at least develop a working thesis before you begin researching, you\u2019ll lack direction, too. (But you\u2019ll have no lack of frustration.)<\/p>\n<p>Still don\u2019t believe me that you need a working thesis?<\/p>\n<p>Look at this example: &nbsp;Let\u2019s say you decide to write about social media. (Note: you\u2019re starting your search here without a thesis.)<\/p>\n<p>Typing \u201csocial media\u201d in a search box will produce a list of all kinds of results, from a list of different types of social media sites, to social media in the news, to social media in schools.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Screen-Shot-2014-12-08-at-3.49.22-PM.png\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2831\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Screen-Shot-2014-12-08-at-3.49.22-PM.png\" alt=\"how to write a research paper search\" width=\"500\" height=\"483\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Screen-Shot-2014-12-08-at-3.49.22-PM.png 806w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Screen-Shot-2014-12-08-at-3.49.22-PM-300x289.png 300w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Screen-Shot-2014-12-08-at-3.49.22-PM-103x100.png 103w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2831 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20500%20483%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"how to write a research paper search\" width=\"500\" height=\"483\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20500%20483%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Screen-Shot-2014-12-08-at-3.49.22-PM.png 806w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Screen-Shot-2014-12-08-at-3.49.22-PM-300x289.png 300w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Screen-Shot-2014-12-08-at-3.49.22-PM-103x100.png 103w\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Screen-Shot-2014-12-08-at-3.49.22-PM.png\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Are these results useful? &nbsp;&nbsp;Probably not. \u201cSocial media\u201d is too broad of a search and doesn\u2019t include any focus.<\/p>\n<p>Try the search again with a working thesis, such as \u201cSocial media can cause teens to feel isolated.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Suddenly, your results change. Rather than a list of random and likely useless sites, you\u2019ll see a list of more relevant sources.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Screen-Shot-2014-12-08-at-3.51.09-PM.png\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2832\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Screen-Shot-2014-12-08-at-3.51.09-PM.png\" alt=\"how to write a research paper\" width=\"500\" height=\"536\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Screen-Shot-2014-12-08-at-3.51.09-PM.png 797w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Screen-Shot-2014-12-08-at-3.51.09-PM-279x300.png 279w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Screen-Shot-2014-12-08-at-3.51.09-PM-93x100.png 93w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2832 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20500%20536%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"how to write a research paper\" width=\"500\" height=\"536\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20500%20536%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Screen-Shot-2014-12-08-at-3.51.09-PM.png 797w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Screen-Shot-2014-12-08-at-3.51.09-PM-279x300.png 279w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Screen-Shot-2014-12-08-at-3.51.09-PM-93x100.png 93w\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Screen-Shot-2014-12-08-at-3.51.09-PM.png\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>This tip not only increases your relevant search results but decreases your frustration levels!<\/p>\n<p>Check out <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/thesis-statement-examples\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10 Thesis Statement Examples to Inspire Your Next Argumentative Essay<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>How to Write a Research Paper&nbsp;Step 4: &nbsp;Look for Credible Sources<\/h2>\n<p>No, you won\u2019t find sources under your bed with the dust bunnies and that half-eaten candy bar you somehow forgot about.<\/p>\n<p>Most likely, you won\u2019t find them all through a Google search, either.<\/p>\n<p>Google is a useful search engine that can provide a few basic sources, but the problem with a general internet search on&nbsp;Google is you get a lot of worthless results.<\/p>\n<p>For example, a search for marijuana legalization might produce a list of news articles and random websites, but not all of these sources will be useful in your research.<\/p>\n<p>Why? &nbsp;Because they may not be about the specific focus of your paper and because they may not be credible. (We\u2019ll talk more about evaluating sources in Step 5.)<\/p>\n<p>The search results may also not be useful for your research paper simply because they don\u2019t provide enough information.<\/p>\n<p>Have you ever read a magazine or internet article and thought, \u201cWow, that was worthless. It didn\u2019t tell me anything!\u201d Because these types of sources inform readers of only basic information, they don\u2019t provide enough details, statistics, or facts to actually be useful as research sources.<\/p>\n<p>So where do you look for credible sources?<\/p>\n<p>You\u2019re writing a research paper for a class, so you want to find sources that are scholarly. You want to find detailed, in-depth articles written by experts.<\/p>\n<p>And no, you still won\u2019t find them lingering under your bed, and you won\u2019t find them by staring mindlessly at the screen watching a <i>Game of Thrones<\/i> marathon.<\/p>\n<p>You <i>will <\/i>find them via your school\u2019s library. Don\u2019t worry, though, you can still keep <em>Game of Thrones<\/em> on in the background. Just log in to your school\u2019s library and research from your couch.<\/p>\n<p>Read <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/writing-a-research-paper\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5 Best Resources to Help with Writing a Research Paper<\/a> for more ideas of where to find credible sources.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2820\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2820\" style=\"width: 264px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/yes-no-maybe.jpg\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2820 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/yes-no-maybe.jpg\" alt=\"Writing a Research Essay\" width=\"264\" height=\"191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/yes-no-maybe.jpg 264w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/yes-no-maybe-138x100.jpg 138w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 264px) 100vw, 264px\"><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2820 size-full lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20264%20191%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"Writing a Research Essay\" width=\"264\" height=\"191\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20264%20191%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E 264w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 264px) 100vw, 264px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/yes-no-maybe.jpg 264w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/yes-no-maybe-138x100.jpg 138w\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/yes-no-maybe.jpg\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2820\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">pixabay.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>How to Write a Research Paper&nbsp;Step 5: &nbsp;Evaluate Your Sources<\/h2>\n<p>Your first instinct might be to use the first handful of sources you find and cite them in your research essay. This may be&nbsp;the easy way, but it&#8217;s certainly not the best way.<\/p>\n<p>As you find sources, you need to evaluate them to see if they\u2019re credible and if they\u2019re right for your paper.<\/p>\n<p>Think of it like online dating. You wouldn\u2019t just start dating the first person that showed up on a list of search results for eligible singles in your area, would you?<\/p>\n<p>Of course not! &nbsp;You\u2019d want to see what the person looks like. You\u2019d read the person\u2019s profile to learn something about his or her personality, age, and interests.<\/p>\n<p>You\u2019re evaluating whether or not this person is right for you.<\/p>\n<p>You\u2019ll do the same with sources: evaluate them to see if they\u2019re right for your paper. This is especially important if you\u2019re using websites.<\/p>\n<div class=\"tm-tweet-clear\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"tm-click-to-tweet\">\n<div class=\"tm-ctt-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/share?text=Just+like+online+dating%2C+evaluate+online+sources+to+be+sure+they+are+right+for+you+%28and+your+essay%29.&#038;via=kibin&#038;related=kibin&#038;url=https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/how-to-write-a-research-paper\/\" target=\"_blank\">Just like online dating, evaluate online sources to be sure they are right for you (and your essay).<\/a><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/share?text=Just+like+online+dating%2C+evaluate+online+sources+to+be+sure+they+are+right+for+you+%28and+your+essay%29.&#038;via=kibin&#038;related=kibin&#038;url=https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/how-to-write-a-research-paper\/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"tm-ctt-btn\">Click To Tweet<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"tm-ctt-tip\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>To evaluate whether or not sources are credible, see if they pass the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/apply-craap-test-essay-sources\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CRAAP test<\/a>. (No, this doesn\u2019t mean whether or not they\u2019re crappy sources!)<\/p>\n<p>CRAAP stands for Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, Purpose. Let me break this down.<\/p>\n<p><b>Currency:<\/b> &nbsp;When was the information written or last updated? You want current, relevant information for you paper.<\/p>\n<p>If you\u2019re writing a paper about new computer technology, and you\u2019re using an article written in 1990, you can assume the hottest 1990 trend in desktop computers is no longer an amazing new technology.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2833\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2833\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Macintosh_classic.jpg\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2833\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Macintosh_classic.jpg\" alt=\"Macintosh_classic\" width=\"500\" height=\"428\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Macintosh_classic.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Macintosh_classic-300x256.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Macintosh_classic-116x100.jpg 116w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2833 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20500%20428%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"Macintosh_classic\" width=\"500\" height=\"428\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20500%20428%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Macintosh_classic.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Macintosh_classic-300x256.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Macintosh_classic-116x100.jpg 116w\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Macintosh_classic.jpg\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2833\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The hottest trend in desktop computers circa 1990. (Image by <a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Macintosh_classic.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tipiac<\/a>: creative commons)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><b>Relevance: &nbsp;<\/b>Is the content detailed and unique? &nbsp;Does the information meet your needs?<\/p>\n<p>If you\u2019re researching the importance of recycling, and you find a three-paragraph article that discusses a new recycling program implemented in a nearby community, chances are the information isn\u2019t detailed enough or unique enough to be of any relevance to your argument.<\/p>\n<p><b>Authority: &nbsp;<\/b>Who wrote the article or webpage? Can the author be trusted? What credentials does the author have?<\/p>\n<p>Let\u2019s say you find an article about whether or not children should be vaccinated. The article was written within the last year and is several pages long. So far so good.<\/p>\n<p>But then you research the author, and find out it\u2019s written by some high school student. While the student might be an intelligent 17 year old, it\u2019s not the best idea to cite a high school kid\u2019s blog in your college research essay.<\/p>\n<p><b>Accuracy: &nbsp;<\/b>Is the information correct, reliable, and accurate? &nbsp;Can you verify the content?<\/p>\n<p>If you\u2019re citing unreliable sources, your paper is just as unreliable.<\/p>\n<p>Avoid sites that aren\u2019t written by experts and sites that are known to be unreliable.<\/p>\n<p>Sites such as Wikipedia are notorious for inaccurate information. (Did you know that in 2008, <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_premature_obituaries\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikipedia reported Miley Cyrus as dead<\/a>?)<\/p>\n<p>Avoid this Wikipedia debacle, and pay close attention to the accuracy of the information.<\/p>\n<p>If you can\u2019t verify the information in another source, and you can\u2019t verify&nbsp;the author\u2019s credentials, you\u2019re probably better off <em>not<\/em> using the source in your research paper.<\/p>\n<p><b>Purpose: &nbsp;<\/b>Is the information biased? &nbsp;Why was the article written? &nbsp;What is the purpose of the website.<\/p>\n<p>Think about it. If a site exists to sell you an awesome new energy drink, it\u2019s not going to say anything about any potential negative side-effects of the drink.<\/p>\n<p>If a site exists to promote treating animals ethically, it goes without saying that it\u2019s trying to persuade you to feel empathy for animals and not harm animals in any way.<\/p>\n<p>Sites such as these often do not provide balanced information. &nbsp;&nbsp;They present only the information they want you to know.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s a lot like online dating. No one includes their annoying habits or flaws on their profile. They only include the information that makes them look good.<\/p>\n<h2>How to Write a Research Paper&nbsp;Step 6: &nbsp;Take Notes<\/h2>\n<p>Okay, so you have a handful of credible sources for you paper, now what?<\/p>\n<p>This is where you\u2019ll again realize the importance of your thesis.<\/p>\n<p>Because you already have a working thesis and focus for your paper, you\u2019ll be able to read your sources and understand what you\u2019re looking for.<\/p>\n<p>Take the time to read sources carefully for information that seems like a good fit for your paper. <a href=\"http:\/\/rwc.hunter.cuny.edu\/reading-writing\/on-line\/notetaki.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Take notes <\/a>on everything that seems important. You may not end up using it in your paper, but that\u2019s okay.<\/p>\n<p>You don\u2019t need to use every piece of information (or every source) you find.<\/p>\n<p><b>Here are a few quick tips for taking good notes:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Choose information that is interesting and\/or unique.<\/li>\n<li>Look for specific facts, statistics, or anecdotes that can support or refute your thesis.<\/li>\n<li>Keep your notes minimal. Paraphrase and condense ideas.<\/li>\n<li>Organize and label your information.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Yes, taking notes and organizing them may be easier said than done, right?<\/p>\n<p>But trust me. Taking notes isn\u2019t that hard, and though it may seem like it takes too long, it will actually save you time in the end.<\/p>\n<p><b>If you need some help taking notes and organizing information, try one of these methods:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.gallaudet.edu\/tip\/english_center\/writing\/pre-writing_writing_and_revising\/note_card_system.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>The Note Card System:<\/b><\/a> &nbsp;Use standard 3 x 5 index cards to record and organize useful information about each source, such as a Works Cited (or Reference) entry and a summary or comment about the source.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.canberra.edu.au\/studyskills\/writing\/bibliography\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Annotated Bibliography:<\/b><\/a> &nbsp;Use an annotated bibliography to record each source in proper MLA or APA format. Beneath each source, write a summary and evaluation of the source. (This will help you evaluate your sources, too.)<\/p>\n<h2>How to Write a Research Paper&nbsp;Step 7: &nbsp;Outline<\/h2>\n<p>Now that you have lots of credible sources and you\u2019ve taken notes, you\u2019ll need to outline.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/owl.english.purdue.edu\/owl\/resource\/544\/03\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Outlining <\/a>is a form of prewriting that will help you organize your ideas.<\/p>\n<p>Think of those key quotes, paraphrases, statistics, and anecdotes you included in your notes.<\/p>\n<p>The goal is to create the key points or arguments of your paper and the subpoints that will be used to support arguments.<\/p>\n<p>You can either write a traditional outline in complete sentences, or write an outline by using just a few key words to keep you on track.<\/p>\n<p>Choose whichever method works best for you.<\/p>\n<p>Hate outlining and worrying about Roman numerals, upper and lower case letters, and the formality of outlining?<\/p>\n<p>You\u2019re not alone.<\/p>\n<p>Unless your professor requires it, don\u2019t feel obligated to write a traditional outline.<\/p>\n<p>As long as you develop a method that works for you and that includes the same information as a traditional outline, you\u2019re fine.<\/p>\n<p><b>Here\u2019s a quick example of ideas you might include in an informal outline about violence in children\u2019s television programming. <\/b>The information is the same as a traditional outline, but it doesn\u2019t include the same formality.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Introduction-Quote-about-the-percentage.png\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2848\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Introduction-Quote-about-the-percentage.png\" alt=\"research paper outline\" width=\"500\" height=\"1000\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Introduction-Quote-about-the-percentage.png 500w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Introduction-Quote-about-the-percentage-150x300.png 150w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Introduction-Quote-about-the-percentage-50x100.png 50w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2848 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20500%201000%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"research paper outline\" width=\"500\" height=\"1000\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20500%201000%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Introduction-Quote-about-the-percentage.png 500w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Introduction-Quote-about-the-percentage-150x300.png 150w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Introduction-Quote-about-the-percentage-50x100.png 50w\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Introduction-Quote-about-the-percentage.png\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>How to Write a Research Paper&nbsp;Step 8: &nbsp;Write a Draft<\/h2>\n<p>Now that you\u2019ve put in the hard work of researching and organizing, writing the draft is the easy part. (Really!)<\/p>\n<p>The research essay is essentially a more in-depth version of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/write-5-paragraph-essay-outline\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5 paragraph essay<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>(Need to include an abstract? Read&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/how-to-write-an-abstract-for-a-research-paper\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How to Write an Abstract for a Research Paper<\/a> and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/10-good-abstract-examples\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10 Good Abstract Examples That Will Kickstart Your Brain<\/a>.)<\/p>\n<p>Because you already have an outline, it\u2019s time to simply plug in the information and write your research essay.<\/p>\n<p>Remember, you\u2019re writing a draft of your research essay. This is not the final copy.<\/p>\n<p>This means that you shouldn\u2019t start writing a few hours before the essay is due. But it also means that you don\u2019t have to worry too much if you make some mistakes along the way.<\/p>\n<p>Don\u2019t stress about starting from the beginning and working your way to the end.<\/p>\n<p>If you have a great idea for your first key argument start there. If you have an idea for a key opposing argument, start there.<\/p>\n<p>You can always write the conclusion first and the introduction last. No one will know in what order you wrote the essay, so simply begin writing!<\/p>\n<h2>How to Write a Research Paper&nbsp;Step 9: &nbsp;Revise and Edit<\/h2>\n<p>After you\u2019ve written your first draft, set the paper aside for a day or two (another good reason not to wait until the last minute).<\/p>\n<p>Working on a paper for hours on end will fry your brain. You\u2019ll think you\u2019re writing a brilliant \u201cA\u201d paper, but you\u2019ll actually miss all kinds of errors, and your \u201cA\u201d paper will likely be more like a \u201cC\u201d paper.<\/p>\n<p>Once a day or two has passed, re-read your research essay.<\/p>\n<p>Begin with revision (this is different from editing). Revision means you\u2019ll change content. You\u2019ll add new information, delete sections that don\u2019t fit in your paper, move sections around, and revise wording.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, edit your research paper. Editing means you\u2019ll check for spelling, grammar, and punctuation errors.<\/p>\n<p>Make sure you edit <i>after <\/i>you revise. If you edit before you revise, you might spend 20 minutes writing the perfect sentence only to realize later that it really doesn\u2019t even fit into your paper or support your argument. (Talk about a waste of time!)<\/p>\n<p><b>Don\u2019t forget about formatting! <\/b>As part of your editing process, don\u2019t forget to make sure your paper is written in correct <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/essay-formatting-survival-guide\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">format.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Of course, if you\u2019re looking for a professional to help edit your paper, make sure to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/editors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact the Kibin editors<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Whew! That was a lot of work and a lot of information to remember.<\/p>\n<p><b>To help you stay on track, use this quick reference table to remember the 9 steps in writing a research paper.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/howtowritearesearchpaper.png\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2830 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/howtowritearesearchpaper.png\" alt=\"how to write a research paper\" width=\"503\" height=\"467\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/howtowritearesearchpaper.png 503w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/howtowritearesearchpaper-300x278.png 300w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/howtowritearesearchpaper-107x100.png 107w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 503px) 100vw, 503px\"><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2830 size-full lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20503%20467%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"how to write a research paper\" width=\"503\" height=\"467\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20503%20467%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E 503w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 503px) 100vw, 503px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/howtowritearesearchpaper.png 503w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/howtowritearesearchpaper-300x278.png 300w, https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/howtowritearesearchpaper-107x100.png 107w\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/howtowritearesearchpaper.png\"><\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<h2>The End of a Long Journey<\/h2>\n<p>Though writing a research paper can seem overwhelming, with a little preparation and organization, the process isn\u2019t so bad after all.<\/p>\n<p>Yes, it takes time and effort, but when you see your grade on your final paper, your hard work will all be worth it.<\/p>\n<p>Want even more advice about how to write a research paper? &nbsp;Check out these resources: &nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/writingcenter.fas.harvard.edu\/pages\/essay-structure\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Essay Structure<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.irsc.edu\/students\/academicsupportcenter\/researchpaper\/researchpaper.aspx?id=4294967428\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Writing the Research Paper.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Good luck!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>True or false?&nbsp;Writing a research paper is time-consuming. True: &nbsp;Writing a research paper is very time consuming. You can\u2019t just grab a few random sources and try to make them work. You certainly can\u2019t start writing a research paper a few hours before it\u2019s due and expect to write an \u201cA\u201d paper. True or false?&nbsp;Writing &hellip; <\/p>\n<div class=\"blog-read-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kibin.com\/essay-writing-blog\/how-to-write-a-research-paper\/\" class=\"more-link btn btn-primary\"><b>Read more<\/b><span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;How to Write a Research Paper: A Step-by-Step Guide&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":7779,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[57,74,49,150],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to Write a Research Paper - A Step-by-Step Guide<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Writing a research paper can be hard. How can you make it less painful? 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